Heartsaver CPR Course

Pediatric Module Version A

1. The AHA pediatric Chain of Survival differs slightly from the adult Chain of Survival. Which of the following answers lists the links of the pediatric (infant and child) chain in correct order?
1. Prevention, EMS access, early CPR, and defibrillation
2. Early CPR, EMS access, early advanced life support, and prevention
3. EMS access, early CPR, early defibrillation, and early advanced life support
4. Prevention, early CPR, early EMS access, and early advanced care

2. Your neighbor recently gave birth to a baby girl. She knows that you completed the Heartsaver CPR Course and asks if you learned anything about how to place an infant to sleep to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which of the following information about reducing the risk of SIDS is correct?
1. Place the infant on her stomach to sleep
2. Place the infant on her back to sleep
3. There is no way to reduce the risk of SIDS
4. Place her on a soft surface on her stomach

3. You are helping a mother put her 6-month-old infant in her car after a doctor’s appointment. The car is new, with front seat airbags on both the driver’s and the passenger’s side. Which of the following is the safest option for restraining the infant in the car?
1. In a child-restraint device placed in the FRONT passenger seat, facing FORWARD
2. In a child-restraint device placed in the FRONT passenger seat, facing BACKWARD
3. In a child-restraint device placed in the BACK seat, facing BACKWARD
4. In a child-restraint device placed in the BACK seat, facing FORWARD

4. You are a volunteer childcare provider in a “Mother’s Day Out” community program. You want to protect the children from leading causes of death or serious injury. Which of the following is the leading cause of death in infants 6 months of age and in older children through young adulthood?
1. Heart attack
2. Foreign-body airway obstruction
3. Injury
4. Sudden infant death syndrome

5. A 10-month-old infant with known cardiac problems will soon have his second surgery to correct congenital heart disease. You are visiting his mother at home. While resting in his mother’s arms the infant suddenly goes limp and does not respond to his mother’s shouts or touch. His mother seems to panic and begs you to help, saying that she does not know what to do. Which of the following lists the most appropriate actions for you to take?
1. Tell the mother to phone 911. Place the baby on a hard, flat, horizontal surface, such as the floor, and begin the steps of CPR
2. Tell the mother to start CPR while you leave to phone 911
3. Keep trying to stimulate the infant to respond
4. Place the infant in the recovery position and phone 911

6. A mother living in your apartment complex calls you on the phone. She is obviously distressed. She tells you that she looked in on her baby during his nap and noticed that the baby “looked funny”: he had turned blue and didn’t seem to wake up. She said that she called 911, but she doesn’t know CPR and needs your help. You run to the apartment. When you arrive the mother leads you into the baby’s room. Which of the following should you do first?
1. Deliver 2 breaths
2. Open the airway and look, listen, and feel for breathing
3. C. Tap the victim and shout to establish that the infant is unresponsive
4. Observe for signs of circulation

7. You are the only rescuer present when you remove a 3-year-old from the bottom of the shallow end of a swimming pool. She is limp and unresponsive. When should you phone 911?
1. After you have given the child 1 minute of CPR (whatever steps she needs)
2. As soon as you remove the child from the pool
3. When you see that after several minutes of CPR there is no response
4. After giving a few ventilations and before beginning chest compressions

8. You find that you cannot get air into the lungs (there is no chest rise) during your first attempt at rescue breathing for an unresponsive, non-breathing child. What is the most common cause of this problem?
1. The child has an advanced lung infection
2. You probably failed to open the airway properly
3. The child has a serious airway spasm
4. The child has severe airway narrowing from asthma

9. You are asked to respond to a child who was found in bed unresponsive. You do not suspect injury. Which of the following is the best way to open this child’s airway?
1. Tilt the head and lift the chin
2. Turn the head to one side, then open the mouth
3. Begin alternating back blows and chest thrusts
4. Wipe out the mouth and throat with a gauze pad

10. You are a member of the emergency response team at your workplace. You are called to see an infant who was found unresponsive after a nap in the daycare center. You verify that the infant is unresponsive and that someone has phoned 911. You open the infant’s airway to check breathing. When you look, listen, and feel, which of the following phrases best describes what you are looking for when you check breathing?
1. Looking for a pink color
2. Twitches or spasms in the infant
3. Foreign bodies in the infant’s mouth
4. Looking for the chest to rise

11. You see a 4-year-old child collapse at a shopping mall. After assessing him you find that he is unresponsive. You send someone to phone 911 while you open the airway and check for breathing. He is not breathing, so you deliver 2 effective rescue breaths. After you deliver the rescue breaths, you check for signs of circulation and note some movement but still no breathing. At what rate should you give rescue breaths?
1. About 20 breaths per minute (once every 3 seconds)
2. About 18 breaths per minute (once every 3% seconds)
3. About 15 breaths per minute (once every 4 seconds)
4. About 10 to 12 breaths per minute (once every 5 to 6 seconds)

12. You are providing rescue breathing for a 6-year-old child using a pocket mask. Which of the following phrases most accurately describes the amount of air (ventilation volume) that you should give this child during rescue breathing?
1. Half the amount that you give an adult
2. Just enough air to cause a large chest rise
3. Just enough air to cause the child’s chest to rise
4. An amount based on the child’s weight

13. A 7-year-old child falls during a gymnastic event. You rush to help while a bystander phones 911. After assessing unresponsiveness you open the child’s airway using a jaw thrust, and you check the child’s breathing. When you discover that the child is not breathing, what should you do next?
1. Place the child in the recovery position and watch the child until EMS personnel arrive
2. Give 2 slow rescue breaths and make sure that the chest rises with each breath
3. Hold the airway open but do nothing further until EMS personnel arrive
4. Begin chest compressions

14. A 3-year-old child is pulled from the water after family members see her sink below the surface (no trauma occurred). You find that she is not responsive. You send someone to phone 911 for help. What should you do
1. Turn the child’s head down and perform the Heimlich maneuver to drain water from the child’s lungs; after you perform the Heimlich maneuver, open the airway and give 2 breaths
2. Give 5 back blows, then do a finger sweep of the mouth
3. Find the proper hand position and begin chest compressions
4. Open the airway with a head tilt—chin lift maneuver and check breathing; if the infant is not breathing normally, give 2 rescue breaths

15. A responsive 6-year-old child is struggling to breathe. She cannot cough forcefully or move air and is clutching her neck with her hands. She is turning blue. Her mother says, “I think she swallowed a button.” You ask the child, “Are you choking?” She nods yes. You ask, “Can you speak?” She shakes her head no. What is the thing you should do?
1. Give the child 5 back blows, then 5 chest thrusts
2. Attempt a blind finger sweep of the child’s mouth
3. Administer 100% oxygen and monitor the child closely
4. Give the child abdominal thrusts until the button is expelled or the child becomes unresponsive

16. When you perform CPR, how do your chest compressions and rescue breathing help the victim?
1. Chest compressions lift the chest wall so that you can get air into the lungs
2. They force the heart in ventricular fibrillation to return to a normal rhythm
3. They constrict the pupils to help preserve vision
4. CPR may restore breathing to the nonbreathing child, and it provides a flow of oxygen to the heart and brain until advanced care can be provided

17. A 4-year-old child at a daycare center is found unresponsive and not breathing on the playground. You have opened the airway, checked breathing, and given 2 effective rescue breaths. Which of the following is the best method for checking for signs of circulation?
1. Call out the child’s name several times
2. Hold the airway open and check for normal breathing or coughing while scanning the child for signs of movement
3. Begin chest compressions and then check for signs of circulation
4. Look for the child to wake up and the child’s color to turn pink

18. After opening the airway, checking for breathing, and giving 2 effective breaths, you find no signs of circulation in an unresponsive infant. What should you do next?
1. Begin chest compressions
2. Deliver 5 abdominal thrusts
3. Check for signs of circulation again
4. Reposition the airway and look, listen, and feel for breathing

19. You are attempting resuscitation for a 7-month-old infant in cardiac arrest. How fast should your chest compressions be during infant CPR?
1. At a rate of 70 to 80 times per minute
2. At a rate of 80 to 100 times per minute
3. At a rate that is as fast as you possibly can perform compressions
4. At a rate of at least 100 times per minute

20. You are performing chest compressions for a 5-year-old child pulled from a swimming pool. What is the correct compression rate for the child?
1. A rate as fast as possible
2. A rate that is very slow
3. A rate of about I compression per second (about 60 per minute)
4. A rate of about 100 compressions per minute

21. A 6-year-old boy riding a bicycle is struck by a car in front of your house. You find him lying on the ground. He is unresponsive and bleeding from a wound on his forehead. Your neighbor has gone to phone 911. How should you open the child’s airway?
1. By tilting his head and lifting his chin
2. By using the jaw thrust without tilting the head or moving the neck
3. By sweeping out his mouth and pulling forward on his tongue
4. By not moving him at all because he might have a broken neck

22. A neighbor runs to you with his limp, unresponsive 5-year-old child. You send the neighbor to phone 911 while you begin the steps of CPR. You open the airway and check for breathing. You find that the child is not breathing normally, so you provide 2 breaths that make the chest rise. You check for signs of circulation and find that the child has no breathing, coughing, or movement. How should you perform chest compressions for this child?
1. Using both hands, one on top of the other
2. Using the heel of one hand over the lower half of the breastbone
3. Using the tips of 2 fingers 1 finger’s width below the nipples
4. Using the palm and fingers of one hand pressed over the chest wall

23. You are alone with an infant who suddenly appears to be choking while eating. She coughs forcefully twice, but then her cough becomes squeaky, then silent. She is not crying or making any sounds. Still responsive, she struggles but can’t seem to take a breath, and her lips are turning blue. Which of the following steps should you take?
1. Pick her up, lay her over your arm, and perform 5 back blows followed by 5 chest thrusts
2. Immediately phone 911
3. Lay the child down and perform abdominal thrusts
4. Wait until the child either relieves the obstruction by her own efforts or becomes unresponsive

24. You are a member of the emergency response team in your workplace. You have been called to participate in an attempted resuscitation of a child who is approximately 5 years of age. As you rush to the scene, you review numbers and ratios in your mind. Which of the following is the correct ratio of compressions to ventilations for infant or child CPR?
1. 10 to 2
2. 12 to 2
3. 5 to 1
4. 15 to 2

25. You are performing chest compressions for a 4-month-old infant. Which of the following best describes the compression location and technique you should use?
1. Compress over the lower half of the sternum, using the heel of one hand to compress about one third to one half the depth of the chest
2. Place both hands in the center of the chest between the nipples, and compress as firmly as possible
3. Compress over the lower half of the sternum (about I fingers width below the nipple line), using 2 fingers to compress approximately one third to one half the depth of the chest
4. Place one hand over the front of the chest and depress the chest at least 2 inches